Chapter 1 · The values and principles of the UK
Becoming a permanent resident: Life in the UK test study notes
Settling permanently in the UK is also called indefinite leave to remain. Both settling and becoming a British citizen involve showing that you understand life in the UK and can communicate in English. Most adult applicants need a pass in the Life in the UK test. They also need proof of their English speaking and listening skills at level B1 or above on the Common European Framework of Reference. An equivalent qualification, such as a degree taught in English, also counts. Together these two parts are known as the Knowledge of Language and Life requirement. Not everyone has to meet it. People under 18 and people aged 65 or over do not need to take the test. Neither do people with a long-term physical or mental condition, who provide an exemption form or a doctor's letter instead. Someone who has already passed the test, for example when applying to settle, does not need to take it again when applying for citizenship.
Key facts to remember
- Settlement is also known as indefinite leave to remain.
- Applicants for settlement or citizenship normally need a pass in the Life in the UK test.
- They must also show English speaking and listening at B1 or above on the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), the same standard as ESOL Entry Level 3.
- The handbook gives B1. Under Immigration Rules changes published in March 2026, most settlement applications made from 26 March 2027 will need B2 instead.
- An equivalent qualification, such as a degree taught or researched in English, can be used instead.
- The test and the English requirement together make up the Knowledge of Language and Life requirement.
- You need both parts: passing one does not replace the other.
- Exempt from the test: people under 18.
- Exempt from the test: people aged 65 or over.
- Exempt from the test: people with a long-term physical or mental condition, supported by an exemption form or a doctor's letter.
- Anyone who has already passed the test, for example for settlement, does not need to take it again for citizenship.
- Nationals of some majority English-speaking countries, such as Australia, Canada and the USA, do not need to prove their English.
- GOV.UK lists ESOL courses in your area; for test information and booking, use the Life in the UK test's own website.
- Rules can change, so check the latest requirements on the Home Office website before applying; it also explains how to apply and which forms you need.
Test yourself on chapter 1
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These notes summarise the official handbook, Life in the United Kingdom: A Guide for New Residents (3rd edition), which all the test questions come from. Try the free chapter 1 questions.